Eli Lilly announced groundbreaking results from a late-stage trial of its oral obesity medication, orforglipron. Participants taking the highest dose experienced an average weight loss of approximately 12%, or about 27 pounds, over 72 weeks. This significant finding positions orforglipron as a potential game-changer in the fight against obesity, especially considering its needle-free administration.
The results are comparable to, though slightly less than, those seen with Novo Nordisk’s Wegovy, a leading injectable GLP-1 medication. While some analysts anticipated a higher weight loss percentage (around 15%), the overall outcome is still considered highly promising by many medical professionals. Dr. Jaime Almandoz, medical director of the Weight Wellness Program at UT Southwestern Medical Center, described the weight loss as a “significant and clinically meaningful outcome.” He, along with other experts, highlighted the potential for orforglipron to reach a wider patient population, particularly those who are hesitant about injections.
However, the trial also revealed that a notable percentage of patients on the highest dose (36 milligrams) discontinued treatment due to side effects, primarily gastrointestinal issues like nausea and vomiting. These side effects, while generally mild to moderate, were higher than those observed in trials of Wegovy and Eli Lilly’s own injectable, Zepbound. This raises concerns about tolerability and the potential for limited real-world use, as noted by Dr. Caroline Apovian, co-director of the Center for Weight Management and Wellness at Brigham and Women’s Hospital. She cautioned against unchecked enthusiasm, emphasizing the importance of considering the significant discontinuation rates.
Despite the side effect concerns, some experts believe that the convenience of an oral medication could outweigh these drawbacks for many patients and physicians. Dr. Amy Sheer, professor of medicine at the University of Florida, suggests that the ease of use might encourage more widespread prescription of GLP-1 medications, overcoming current hesitations some doctors have regarding injectable treatments. The ultimate choice between oral and injectable GLP-1s will depend on individual patient needs, preferences, and access to care, as well as the cost considerations.
Eli Lilly plans to submit the data to regulatory agencies by the end of the year, aiming for a 2026 market launch. This launch could significantly impact the obesity treatment landscape, offering a more accessible and potentially more affordable alternative to existing injectable options. The increased convenience and simpler manufacturing process could also solidify Eli Lilly’s position in this rapidly expanding market, estimated to reach over $150 billion annually by the early 2030s. Detailed trial results will be presented at a European medical meeting in September and published in a peer-reviewed journal later this year.
The development of orforglipron represents a significant advancement in obesity treatment. While side effects remain a concern requiring further investigation, the potential for a widely accessible, convenient, and potentially cost-effective oral GLP-1 medication holds immense promise for millions struggling with obesity worldwide.
